SQLite is a wonderful piece of software and it is completely meaningful to use it in a project written in Go even though SQLite itself is in C. Though people has been hitting lots of issues with it, mostly "database is locked" error that seems to appear out of nowhere.

First of all, SQLite allows concurrent readers but only a single writer. Unlike most places where you may encounter some sort of synchronization SQLite does not wait for the write lock to become available - instead it just returns an error, letting the caller deal with it. This is why you are getting "database is locked" errors.